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# Keycloak

From ArchWiki

Keycloak is an identity management solution implemented in Java that can be used as an authentication backend for many different applications.

## Installation

Install the keycloak package.

## Running

Start/enable `keycloak.service`. In the default configuration, it will start in standalone mode which is not recommended for production environments but will be used in this article for the sake of simplicity.

By default, Keycloak is available on http://127.0.0.1:8080/auth/ and https://127.0.0.1:8443/auth/.

## Creating an admin user

The recommended way to create a Keycloak admin user is via the included `add-user-keycloak.sh` utility as Keycloak does not have to be running for that operation.

    /opt/keycloak/bin/add-user-keycloak.sh -u my-keycloak-user -p my-keycloak-password

This command creates a file at `/opt/keycloak/standalone/configuration/keycloak-add-user.json` that contains your user information.

## Configuration

The default standalone configuration can be found at `/etc/keycloak/standalone.xml`.

Any changes you make to this file while the server is running will not take effect and may even be overwritten by the server. Either stop the service beforehand, use the command line scripting or use the web console of WildFly.

The ports used by the service can found in that file, albeit in a slightly unusual format:

    /etc/keycloak/standalone.xml

        <socket-binding-group name="standard-sockets" default-interface="public" port-offset="${jboss.socket.binding.port-offset:0}">
            <socket-binding name="ajp" port="${jboss.ajp.port:8009}"/>
            <socket-binding name="http" port="${jboss.http.port:8080}"/>
            <socket-binding name="https" port="${jboss.https.port:8443}"/>
            <socket-binding name="management-http" interface="management" port="${jboss.management.http.port:9990}"/>
            <socket-binding name="management-https" interface="management" port="${jboss.management.https.port:9993}"/>
            <socket-binding name="txn-recovery-environment" port="4712"/>
            <socket-binding name="txn-status-manager" port="4713"/>
            <outbound-socket-binding name="mail-smtp">
                <remote-destination host="localhost" port="25"/>
            </outbound-socket-binding>
        </socket-binding-group>

### H2 configuration

Keycloak's `standalone.xml` file is preconfigured with two h2 datasources. One is "ExampleDS", and can be safely removed. The other is "KeycloakDS" and is used to store Keycloak's configuration. (`jboss.home.dir` refers to `/opt/keycloak` in the Keycloak package)

Example configuration parts for the H2 file-based database:

    /etc/keycloak/standalone.xml

            <subsystem xmlns="urn:jboss:domain:datasources:5.0">
                <datasources>
                    <datasource jndi-name="java:jboss/datasources/ExampleDS" pool-name="ExampleDS" enabled="true" use-java-context="true" statistics-enabled="${wildfly.datasources.statistics-enabled:${wildfly.statistics-enabled:false}}">
                        <connection-url>jdbc:h2:mem:test;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1;DB_CLOSE_ON_EXIT=FALSE</connection-url>
                        <driver>h2</driver>
                        <security>
                            <user-name>sa</user-name>
                            <password>sa</password>
                        </security>
                    </datasource>
                    <datasource jndi-name="java:jboss/datasources/KeycloakDS" pool-name="KeycloakDS" enabled="true" use-java-context="true" statistics-enabled="${wildfly.datasources.statistics-enabled:${wildfly.statistics-enabled:false}}">
                        <connection-url>jdbc:h2:${jboss.server.data.dir}/keycloak;AUTO_SERVER=TRUE</connection-url>
                        <driver>h2</driver>
                        <security>
                            <user-name>sa</user-name>
                            <password>sa</password>
                        </security>
                    </datasource>
                    <drivers>
                        <driver name="h2" module="com.h2database.h2">
                            <xa-datasource-class>org.h2.jdbcx.JdbcDataSource</xa-datasource-class>
                        </driver>
                    </drivers>
                </datasources>
            </subsystem>
       ...
                <default-bindings context-service="java:jboss/ee/concurrency/context/default" datasource="java:jboss/datasources/KeycloakDS" managed-executor-service="java:jboss/ee/concurrency/executor/default" managed-scheduled-executor-service="java:jboss/ee/concurrency/scheduler/default" managed-thread-factory="java:jboss/ee/concurrency/factory/default"/>

### PostgreSQL configuration

The official Arch Linux Keycloak package already comes with inbuilt PostgreSQL support.

Example configuration parts for PostgreSQL:

    /etc/keycloak/standalone.xml

            <subsystem xmlns="urn:jboss:domain:datasources:5.0">
                <datasources>
                    <datasource jndi-name="java:jboss/datasources/KeycloakDS" pool-name="KeycloakDS" enabled="true" use-java-context="true" statistics-enabled="${wildfly.datasources.statistics-enabled:${wildfly.statistics-enabled:false}}">
                        <connection-url>jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/keycloak</connection-url>
                        <driver>postgresql</driver>
                        <security>
                            <user-name>keycloak</user-name>
                            <password>keycloak</password>
                        </security>
                    </datasource>
                    <drivers>
                        <driver name="postgresql" module="org.postgresql">
                            <xa-datasource-class>org.postgresql.xa.PGXADataSource</xa-datasource-class>
                        </driver>
                    </drivers>
                </datasources>
            </subsystem>
       ...
                <default-bindings context-service="java:jboss/ee/concurrency/context/default" datasource="java:jboss/datasources/KeycloakDS" managed-executor-service="java:jboss/ee/concurrency/executor/default" managed-scheduled-executor-service="java:jboss/ee/concurrency/scheduler/default" managed-thread-factory="java:jboss/ee/concurrency/factory/default"/>

### Keycloak Prometheus metrics

Install the keycloak-metrics-spi package. To enable the metrics listener endpoint

     /opt/keycloak/bin/kcadm.sh config credentials --server http://localhost:8080/auth --realm master --user $KEYCLOAK_ADMIN --password $KEYCLOAK_PASS
     /opt/keycloak/bin/kcadm.sh update events/config -s "eventsEnabled=true" -s "adminEventsEnabled=true" -s "eventsListeners+=metrics-listener"

The config command creates a kcadm.config file in the .keycloak directory of the user who runs the command. As contains an access token, it is recommend to remove the file after

     rm /home/$USER/.keycloak/kcadm.config

After restarting the metrics are available via http://localhost:8080/auth/realms/master/metrics

## External links

- Configuring Keycloak with Postgres
- Official Keycloak documentation

Category:

- Authentication