6.15. pam_listfile - deny or allow services based on an arbitrary file
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## 6.15. pam_listfile - deny or allow services based on an arbitrary file

`pam_listfile.so` item=[tty|user|rhost|ruser|group|shell] sense=[allow|deny] file=`/path/filename` onerr=[succeed|fail] [ apply=[`user`|`@group`] ] [ quiet ]

### 6.15.1. DESCRIPTION

pam_listfile is a PAM module which provides a way to deny or allow services based on an arbitrary file.

The module gets the `item` of the type specified -- user specifies the username, PAM_USER; tty specifies the name of the terminal over which the request has been made, PAM_TTY; rhost specifies the name of the remote host (if any) from which the request was made, PAM_RHOST; and ruser specifies the name of the remote user (if available) who made the request, PAM_RUSER -- and looks for an instance of that item in the `file=`filename``. `filename` contains one line per item listed. If the item is found, then if `sense=`allow``, PAM_SUCCESS is returned, causing the authorization request to succeed; else if `sense=`deny``, PAM_AUTH_ERR is returned, causing the authorization request to fail.

If an error is encountered (for instance, if `filename` does not exist, or a poorly-constructed argument is encountered), then if onerr=succeed, PAM_SUCCESS is returned, otherwise if onerr=fail, PAM_AUTH_ERR or PAM_SERVICE_ERR (as appropriate) will be returned.

An additional argument, `apply=`, can be used to restrict the application of the above to a specific user (`apply=`username``) or a given group (`apply=`@groupname``). This added restriction is only meaningful when used with the tty, rhost and shell items.

Besides this last one, all arguments should be specified; do not count on any default behavior.

No credentials are awarded by this module.

### 6.15.2. OPTIONS

`item=[tty|user|rhost|ruser|group|shell]`

  What is listed in the file and should be checked for.

`sense=[allow|deny]`

  Action to take if found in file, if the item is NOT found in the file, then the opposite action is requested.

`file=`/path/filename``

  File containing one item per line. The file needs to be a plain file and not world writable.

`onerr=[succeed|fail]`

  What to do if something weird happens like being unable to open the file.

`apply=[`user`|`@group`]`

  Restrict the user class for which the restriction apply. Note that with `item=[user|ruser|group]` this does not make sense, but for `item=[tty|rhost|shell]` it have a meaning.

`quiet`

  Do not treat service refusals or missing list files as errors that need to be logged.

### 6.15.3. MODULE TYPES PROVIDED

All module types (`auth`, `account`, `password` and `session`) are provided.

### 6.15.4. RETURN VALUES

PAM_AUTH_ERR

  Authentication failure.

PAM_BUF_ERR

  Memory buffer error.

PAM_IGNORE

  The rule does not apply to the `apply` option.

PAM_SERVICE_ERR

  Error in service module.

PAM_SUCCESS

  Success.

### 6.15.5. EXAMPLES

Classic 'ftpusers' authentication can be implemented with this entry in `/etc/pam.d/ftpd`:

    #
    # deny ftp-access to users listed in the /etc/ftpusers file
    #
    auth    required       pam_listfile.so \
            onerr=succeed item=user sense=deny file=/etc/ftpusers

Note, users listed in `/etc/ftpusers` file are (counterintuitively) not allowed access to the ftp service.

To allow login access only for certain users, you can use a `/etc/pam.d/login` entry like this:

    #
    # permit login to users listed in /etc/loginusers
    #
    auth    required       pam_listfile.so \
            onerr=fail item=user sense=allow file=/etc/loginusers

For this example to work, all users who are allowed to use the login service should be listed in the file `/etc/loginusers`. Unless you are explicitly trying to lock out root, make sure that when you do this, you leave a way for root to log in, either by listing root in `/etc/loginusers`, or by listing a user who is able to su to the root account.

### 6.15.6. AUTHOR

pam_listfile was written by Michael K. Johnson <johnsonm@redhat.com> and Elliot Lee <sopwith@cuc.edu>.

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