clang-tidy - readability-implicit-bool-conversion — Extra Clang Tools 10 documentation

# Extra Clang Tools 10 documentation

## clang-tidy - readability-implicit-bool-conversion

# readability-implicit-bool-conversion

This check can be used to find implicit conversions between built-in types and booleans. Depending on use case, it may simply help with readability of the code, or in some cases, point to potential bugs which remain unnoticed due to implicit conversions.

The following is a real-world example of bug which was hiding behind implicit `bool` conversion:

    class Foo {
      int m_foo;

    public:
      void setFoo(bool foo) { m_foo = foo; } // warning: implicit conversion bool -> int
      int getFoo() { return m_foo; }
    };

    void use(Foo& foo) {
      bool value = foo.getFoo(); // warning: implicit conversion int -> bool
    }

This code is the result of unsuccessful refactoring, where type of `m_foo` changed from `bool` to `int`. The programmer forgot to change all occurrences of `bool`, and the remaining code is no longer correct, yet it still compiles without any visible warnings.

In addition to issuing warnings, fix-it hints are provided to help solve the reported issues. This can be used for improving readability of code, for example:

    void conversionsToBool() {
      float floating;
      bool boolean = floating;
      // ^ propose replacement: bool boolean = floating != 0.0f;

      int integer;
      if (integer) {}
      // ^ propose replacement: if (integer != 0) {}

      int* pointer;
      if (!pointer) {}
      // ^ propose replacement: if (pointer == nullptr) {}

      while (1) {}
      // ^ propose replacement: while (true) {}
    }

    void functionTakingInt(int param);

    void conversionsFromBool() {
      bool boolean;
      functionTakingInt(boolean);
      // ^ propose replacement: functionTakingInt(static_cast<int>(boolean));

      functionTakingInt(true);
      // ^ propose replacement: functionTakingInt(1);
    }

In general, the following conversion types are checked:

- integer expression/literal to boolean (conversion from a single bit bitfield to boolean is explicitly allowed, since there’s no ambiguity / information loss in this case),
- floating expression/literal to boolean,
- pointer/pointer to member/`nullptr`/`NULL` to boolean,
- boolean expression/literal to integer (conversion from boolean to a single bit bitfield is explicitly allowed),
- boolean expression/literal to floating.

The rules for generating fix-it hints are:

- in case of conversions from other built-in type to bool, an explicit comparison is proposed to make it clear what exactly is being compared:
  - `bool boolean = floating;` is changed to `bool boolean = floating == 0.0f;`,
  - for other types, appropriate literals are used (`0`, `0u`, `0.0f`, `0.0`, `nullptr`),
- in case of negated expressions conversion to bool, the proposed replacement with comparison is simplified:
  - `if (!pointer)` is changed to `if (pointer == nullptr)`,
- in case of conversions from bool to other built-in types, an explicit `static_cast` is proposed to make it clear that a conversion is taking place:
  - `int integer = boolean;` is changed to `int integer = static_cast<int>(boolean);`,
- if the conversion is performed on type literals, an equivalent literal is proposed, according to what type is actually expected, for example:
  - `functionTakingBool(0);` is changed to `functionTakingBool(false);`,
  - `functionTakingInt(true);` is changed to `functionTakingInt(1);`,
  - for other types, appropriate literals are used (`false`, `true`, `0`, `1`, `0u`, `1u`, `0.0f`, `1.0f`, `0.0`, `1.0f`).

Some additional accommodations are made for pre-C++11 dialects:

- `false` literal conversion to pointer is detected,
- instead of `nullptr` literal, `0` is proposed as replacement.

Occurrences of implicit conversions inside macros and template instantiations are deliberately ignored, as it is not clear how to deal with such cases.

## Options

`AllowIntegerConditions```

  When non-zero, the check will allow conditional integer conversions. Default is 0.

`AllowPointerConditions```

  When non-zero, the check will allow conditional pointer conversions. Default is 0.